Pediatric Neurology

Headache

Headaches in childhood are increasingly being recognized as a significant neurologic health problem. The high incidence and prevalence of headaches in the pediatric population has a significant impact on children and their families. Migraine remains under-recognized, under-diagnosed, and ultimately under- or inappropriately treated in this population; this has potential long-term consequences with regards to disease progression.

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ADHD

It is characterized by problems paying attention, excessive activity, or difficulty controlling behavior which is not appropriate for a person's age. In children, problems paying attention may result in poor school performance. Although it causes impairment, particularly in modern society, many children have a good attention span for tasks they find interesting.

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Autism

Autistic spectrum disorder is a range of complex neurodevelopment disorders, characterized by social impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior.

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Epilepsy

Epilepsy affects all age groups. Some children outgrow it, in others it is a life long disorder that can be controlled with medications, epilepsy devices or even surgery. Approximately 70% of children who have epilepsy during their childhood eventually outgrow it.

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Cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. Often, symptoms include poor coordination, stiff muscles, weak muscles, and tremors. There may be problems with vision, hearing, swallowing, and speaking. Difficulty with the ability to think or reason and seizures each occurs in about one third of people with CP. While the symptoms may get more noticeable over the first few years of life, the underlying problems do not worsen over time.

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Traumatic brain injury

The incidence of traumatic brain injury has reached epidemic proportions. TBI results from a biomechanical force to the head inducing a series of neurometabolic changes. Differences in stature and nervous system physiology of children lead to unique susceptibility to concussive injury. Similar to adults, symptoms indicate disruption of global brain function, including cognitive, emotional, physical, and sleep dysfunction; however, the recovery time is often prolonged in the pediatric population.

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